Pulp Regeneration

• Indirect pulp capping is indicated when further excavation risks pulp exposure, aiming to preserve pulp vitality. This approach helps maintain the health of the pulp tissue. [Q0020]
• Using calcium hydroxide on the pulp followed by amalgam restoration is appropriate for caries close to the pulp chamber. This technique promotes healing and protection of the pulp. [Q0338]
• Pulp capping aims to preserve the vitality of the entire pulp. This method encourages the natural healing process of the tooth. [Q0740]
• Pulpotomy specifically aims to preserve the vitality of the radicular pulp. It is a common procedure in managing cariously exposed pulps. [Q0741]
• Inflammation of the radicular pulp is a contraindication for pulp capping. This condition necessitates alternative treatment approaches. [Q0742]
• Dentinal bridge formation can typically be observed 6-8 weeks after direct pulp capping with calcium hydroxide. This indicates successful pulp healing. [Q0873]
• Pulp capping in a mature tooth may lead to pulpalgia, internal resorption, or hypercalcification within root canals. These potential complications require careful monitoring. [Q0946]
• Following direct pulp capping, the most common occurrence is signs of reversible pulpitis, where the pulp responds positively to the treatment and begins healing. This outcome suggests a favorable prognosis. [Q0947]
• Calcium hydroxide is considered the best pulp protector due to its properties promoting dentin formation and healing. It is widely used in various endodontic procedures. [Q3345]
• Calcium hydroxide and glass ionomer cement are commonly used as pulp protectors. Both materials provide a protective barrier for the pulp. [Q3346]
• Calcium hydroxide can be safely used under composite fillings, whereas zinc oxide eugenol should be avoided due to its effect on composite resin polymerization. This ensures the longevity and stability of the restoration. [Q3403]
• Glass ionomer is generally considered better as an insulator under composite fillings. It offers improved thermal protection and chemical bonding. [Q3404]
• Glass ionomer cement is commonly used for pulp capping. It provides an effective seal and promotes healing. [Q3434]
• Electrosurgery can be used in vital primary teeth pulpotomy, and excessive heat can cause root resorption. Careful technique is required to avoid thermal damage. [Q3659]
• Root filling in immature permanent teeth is typically established in two stages to allow for continued root development. This approach supports the natural maturation process of the tooth. [Q4086]
• Formaldehyde is not recommended due to its toxic effects. Safer alternatives should be used for pulpotomy procedures. [Q4471]
• Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been shown to be more successful than calcium hydroxide for pulp capping due to its superior sealing ability and biocompatibility. This material enhances treatment outcomes. [Q5510]
• MTA is used as a dental material for endodontic sealing and pulp capping due to its biocompatibility and sealing properties. It is a preferred choice in various clinical situations. [Q5512]
• Stepwise excavation involves removing carious dentin in stages to allow for remineralization and to avoid pulp exposure. This technique preserves pulp vitality while addressing caries. [Q5528]

Pulpal Pathologies

• Internal resorption is typically a result of trauma or irritation and appears as radiolucency over the canal. Early detection is crucial for appropriate management. [Q0011]
• Replantation can lead to various types of resorption including surface, inflammatory, and replacement resorption. These outcomes depend on the condition of the tooth and the timing of replantation. [Q0012]
• A tooth under occlusal trauma can show bone resorption, pulp necrosis, hypercementosis, and triangulation. Proper diagnosis and management are essential to prevent further damage. [Q0102]
• Incision and drainage alone is often the best initial treatment for an alveolar abscess to relieve pressure and pain. This procedure allows for subsequent definitive treatment. [Q0119]
• External resorption is a common complication following delayed replantation of an avulsed tooth. Timely intervention is critical to improve prognosis. [Q0174]
• No immediate treatment is required for a painless necrotic pulp, but a definitive treatment plan should be formulated. This ensures long-term management and preservation of the tooth. [Q0175]
• Swelling and pain after RCT are most frequently caused by entrapped bacteria or bacteria in the periapical region. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy and follow-up care are necessary. [Q0176]
• Internal resorption is often asymptomatic and may be discovered incidentally on radiographs. Routine dental check-ups are important for early detection. [Q0195]
• Formocresol pulpotomy typically results in mummification of the remaining pulp tissue. This method is commonly used in primary teeth. [Q0196]
• Ledermix can cause necrosis of the pulp when used for pulp capping in immature permanent molars. Alternative materials should be considered for young teeth. [Q0305]
• Root canal therapy is the standard treatment for a gangrenous tooth to remove the necrotic tissue and prevent infection. This procedure restores the health of the tooth. [Q0324]
• A tooth under occlusal trauma can show bone resorption, pulp necrosis, hypercementosis, and triangulation. Proper diagnosis and management are essential to prevent further damage. [Q0326]
• Cleaning and placing Ledermix (a corticosteroid-antibiotic paste) helps reduce inflammation and pain in acute apical abscesses. Prompt intervention can prevent further complications. [Q0455]
• Replacing the dressing with corticosteroid paste can help reduce inflammation and pain. This approach provides symptomatic relief for the patient. [Q0482]
• If the tooth is asymptomatic and non-mobile, no immediate treatment may be necessary. Regular monitoring and follow-up are recommended. [Q0504]
• The pulp of a tooth that has not fractured from trauma may still become non-vital due to damage. Early intervention can help preserve tooth vitality. [Q0505]
• Sensitivity is often caused by mechanical trauma during cavity preparation. Proper technique and protective measures can minimize this risk. [Q0543]
• Apical periodontitis can be caused by over-instrumentation, chemical irritation, or entrapped bacteria. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment are necessary to resolve the condition. [Q0544]
• External resorption generally stops after successful endodontic treatment. Effective management of the underlying cause is essential. [Q0745]
• Formocresol fixation is used for carious exposures in deciduous teeth. This treatment helps preserve the affected tooth. [Q0803]
• Low-intensity trauma that doesn’t kill the pulp can stimulate the formation of reparative dentin, leading to pulp calcification. This is a natural defense mechanism of the tooth. [Q0811]
• Corticosteroid paste can help reduce inflammation in a hyperaemic tooth. This treatment provides symptomatic relief and promotes healing. [Q0881]
• Pulp necrosis occurs when multiple microabscesses coalesce, leading to complete tissue destruction and loss of vitality. Early intervention can prevent progression. [Q0936]
• Grynspan syndrome is characterized by an autoimmune response. Proper diagnosis and management are required for effective treatment. [Q3854]
• Hyperemic pulp typically shows increased sensitivity to electric pulp testing. This response indicates an inflamed but still vital pulp. [Q3955]
• Patients on steroid treatment may require extra measures due to potential adrenal suppression. Close monitoring and appropriate adjustments are necessary. [Q4097]
• Resorbable materials should be used in primary teeth to allow for natural exfoliation. This ensures that the tooth can be replaced by its permanent successor. [Q4101]
• In pulp necrosis, nerve fibers lose their ability to respond completely. This condition requires definitive endodontic treatment. [Q4103]
• Internal resorption is typically active only in vital teeth. Monitoring and early intervention can prevent further damage. [Q4178]
• Metronidazole should be avoided with grapefruit due to interaction. This precaution helps prevent adverse effects. [Q4334]
• Prophylactic antibiotics are not routinely given for endodontic treatment unless there is a specific risk. Individual assessment is essential for appropriate care. [Q4674]
• Resorption can compromise tooth vitality in other situations, not just when the pulp communicates with the oral cavity. Early detection and management are crucial. [Q4744]
• Grapefruit should be avoided with cyclosporine and terfenadine due to its potential to interfere with drug metabolism. This interaction can affect the efficacy and safety of the medications. [Q5608]
• Approximately 20% of teeth experience traumatic pulpitis after crown preparation. This condition requires careful management to prevent further complications. [Q5703]

Endodontic Surgery

• Making a mucoperiosteal flap, removing the cyst, and performing endodontic treatment preserves the tooth and addresses the cyst. This approach ensures thorough removal of the pathological tissue while maintaining tooth structure. [Q0031]
• Periapical surgery is indicated when root canal treatment is faulty and cannot be corrected non-surgically. This approach helps to eliminate infection and promote healing. [Q0744]

Pulp Biology

• All the mentioned factors can affect the shape and size of the pulp canal. Understanding these influences is crucial for effective endodontic treatment planning. [Q0424]
• Enamel loses its formative cells, the ameloblasts, once maturation is complete. This makes enamel unique among dental tissues in its inability to regenerate. [Q0475]
• All these factors influence the size of the pulp chamber. Proper assessment of these factors is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. [Q0527]
• Extensive dentin formation can cause narrowing of pulp chambers and root canals, but it is rare. Monitoring patients on corticosteroids is important to prevent complications. [Q3701]
• Neutrophils are typically not present in a healthy, uninflamed pulp. Their presence indicates inflammation or infection. [Q5566]
• Fibroblasts are the most abundant cell type in dental pulp, responsible for producing the extracellular matrix. They play a key role in maintaining pulp health and function. [Q5669]
• Pulp stones are most commonly found in the pulp chamber. Their presence can complicate endodontic procedures. [Q5840]

Retreatment of Failures

• Short obturation, where the root canal filling does not extend to the correct length, is a common cause of root canal treatment failure. Ensuring the correct length of the filling is crucial for treatment success. [Q0168]
• External resorptive defects can lead to failure of replanted teeth, making diagnosis and subsequent management challenging. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. [Q0926]
• Fractures in the cervical third of the root are most unfavorable due to their proximity to the gingival margin and difficulty in achieving a successful restorative outcome. These fractures require careful management and may often necessitate extraction. [Q0933]
• A significant reduction in the size of a periapical radiolucency following successful endodontic treatment is typically observed within one year. Regular follow-up is essential to monitor healing progress. [Q0937]
• Removing gutta-percha to at least 2mm below the CEJ or above the crest of the alveolar bone and isolating the area helps prevent cervical resorption associated with bleaching agents. This technique protects the tooth from resorptive damage. [Q0939]
• Endodontically treated teeth are weaker primarily due to the loss of coronal tooth structure during access preparation and canal shaping. Restorative procedures should aim to reinforce these teeth. [Q0942]
• The prognosis of an oblique root fracture versus a transverse root fracture depends on the location of the fracture. An oblique fracture closer to the apex generally has a better prognosis. [Q4459]
• Re-evaluation after a period of time is appropriate for an asymptomatic root canal treated tooth with periapical radiolucency to monitor healing. This allows for informed decisions regarding further intervention if needed. [Q5816]

Root Canal Anatomy

• Lateral canals are most commonly found in the apical third of the root. Their presence can affect the outcome of root canal treatment. [Q0170]
• Lateral canals are typically formed due to developmental disturbances such as cracks in Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath during root formation. These canals can harbor bacteria and complicate endodontic treatment. [Q0171]
• The palatal pulp horn of maxillary molars is typically found under the mesiolingual cusp. This anatomical knowledge is important for effective access cavity preparation. [Q0227]
• Most commonly, the mesiobuccal root has two canals that merge into one foramen. Awareness of this anatomy aids in thorough cleaning and shaping of the canals. [Q0271]
• The narrowest part of the pulp is at the dentino-enamel junction. This anatomical feature is significant in restorative and endodontic procedures. [Q0522]
• The palatal canal of maxillary molars is typically located under the mesiolingual cusp. Proper identification of this canal is crucial for successful endodontic treatment. [Q0779]
• The most common curvature of the palatal root of the maxillary first molar is buccal. This knowledge aids in navigating the root canal system during treatment. [Q0941]
• The mesial buccal root of the upper first molar often has two canals merging into one foramen. Recognizing this configuration is essential for effective endodontic therapy. [Q0993]
• Yes, but other factors can also contribute to the formation of accessory canals. Thorough debridement and disinfection are necessary in the presence of these canals. [Q3148]
• Yes, most mandibular first central permanent incisors have one root canal, but variations can occur. Accurate diagnosis of canal anatomy is critical for successful treatment. [Q3206]
• Yes, the mandibular first permanent molar typically has two root canals in the mesial root and one in the distal root. Understanding this anatomy ensures comprehensive cleaning and shaping. [Q4121]
• It’s rare for mandibular lateral permanent incisors to have two root canals. However, clinicians should be aware of anatomical variations. [Q4300]
• A single root canal is typically seen in 85% of mandibular second premolars. Knowledge of this common anatomy aids in effective treatment planning. [Q4472]
• Yes, the distal root of the mandibular first permanent molar has two root canals in about 30% of cases. This anatomical variation must be considered during endodontic treatment. [Q4988]
• Yes, the distal root of the mandibular second permanent molar has two root canals in about 8% of cases. Recognizing this possibility can prevent missed canals and treatment failure. [Q4989]

Trauma Management

• Reviewing later allows time for the pulp to recover from the trauma before making further treatment decisions. This approach helps avoid unnecessary interventions. [Q0021]
• Performing a pulp test on a recently traumatized tooth helps establish a baseline response for future comparisons. This information is vital for monitoring pulp health over time. [Q0022]
• Partial pulpotomy (removal of the surface 1-2mm of pulp) is often recommended to preserve vitality in cases of recent traumatic pulp exposure. This procedure helps maintain pulp health and function. [Q0062]
• For a fracture at the apical third of the root, it is best to wait and recall after one month to observe for any necrosis or radiolucency. This approach allows for better assessment of the tooth’s healing response. [Q0224]
• An X-ray is the first step to evaluate the extent of intrusion and plan treatment. This diagnostic tool provides critical information for appropriate management. [Q0225]
• The primary aim of dry socket treatment is to control pain, which is the most significant symptom. Pain relief improves patient comfort and facilitates healing. [Q0381]
• Discoloration alone does not necessarily indicate the need for endodontic treatment; other factors must be considered. A comprehensive assessment is required for accurate diagnosis. [Q3045]
• Ankylosis is a possible complication of tooth avulsion, where the tooth becomes fused to the bone. Early detection and intervention are essential to manage this condition. [Q3328]
• Cold milk is one of the best solutions for preserving an avulsed tooth. It helps maintain the vitality of the periodontal ligament cells. [Q3493]
• Immediate root canal treatment is the recommended approach for a crown fracture with pulp exposure if the patient presents five days later. This procedure prevents infection and promotes healing. [Q3538]
• External resorption can follow orthodontic treatments. Monitoring and early intervention are crucial to manage this condition. [Q3703]
• External resorption can develop in both vital and non-vital teeth, but is more common in non-vital teeth. This highlights the importance of regular follow-up for early detection. [Q3704]
• Pulp survival rates are generally higher in permanent teeth compared to primary teeth. This knowledge is important for prognosis and treatment planning. [Q4112]
• Luxation significantly increases the risk of pulp damage. Prompt and appropriate management can mitigate this risk. [Q4280]
• Mature teeth are unlikely to revascularize after lateral luxation. Alternative treatment strategies should be considered for these cases. [Q4308]
• The time out of the socket is the most important factor in determining the prognosis of a reimplanted tooth. Immediate reimplantation improves the chances of successful healing. [Q4381]
• Hank’s balanced salt solution is preferred for preserving the vitality of an avulsed tooth. This solution provides an optimal environment for periodontal ligament cells. [Q4770]
• Some flexibility in splinting can be beneficial to allow physiological tooth movement and healing. Rigid splints may increase the risk of complications. [Q4823]