Consent and Confidentiality

• A teacher cannot provide legal consent for a 15-year-old girl for dental treatment in a boarding school. Only legal guardians or parents can provide such consent. [Q3025]
• Medical history should be reviewed and updated at every visit to ensure current and accurate patient information. [Q3089]
• Patients generally have access to their records, but there can be some exceptions for privacy reasons. [Q3150]
• In the UK, the legal age for giving consent is 18. [Q3189]
• Explicit consent is needed in most cases to share patient information. [Q3519]
• Patients with learning disabilities typically require two professionals to sign the consent form to ensure informed consent. [Q3757]
• In the UK, a person can give consent for treatment from 16 years old. [Q3787]
• Dentists can pass information to the police under specific circumstances such as legal requirements or patient consent. [Q4093]
• Confidentiality applies to patients of all ages. [Q4197]
• Only with a court order can a dentist legally disclose patient records to the police. [Q4205]
• Patients can retract their consent at any time before or during the procedure. [Q4469]
• Each session of general anesthesia or incisional biopsy requires a new consent form. [Q4470]
• Obtaining consent respects patient autonomy and ensures informed decision-making. [Q4666]
• The patient themselves provides the most valid consent, assuming they are competent. [Q5135]
• Consent is always required for an insurance company to access a patient’s dental records. [Q5176]
• Dentists are obligated to provide confidential information to law enforcement if required by law. [Q5285]
• Parents can make and dispute medical decisions for children under 16. [Q5338]
• Written and oral are the main types of consent. [Q5409]
• Using technical jargon is less important and can be counterproductive when explaining procedures to a patient who doesn’t know how to read and write. [Q5501]
• The date is not related to consent-taking importance. [Q5513]
• Forced consent is not valid or ethical and is not required in any medical or dental procedure. [Q6070]

History and Examination

• Hans Christian Gram introduced the division of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria through Gram staining. [Q3457]
• Class IV of the Kennedy classification of partial denture design cannot have any modifications. [Q3472]

Law in Dentistry

• The Age Discrimination in Employment Act addresses age discrimination. [Q3032]
• The Family and Medical Leave Act covers leave denial issues. [Q3067]
• The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) governs patient access to medical records. [Q3105]
• Carbamide peroxide is legally sold in the UK for teeth bleaching but only in concentrations up to 6%. [Q3535]
• Acidic foods and beverages are the primary cause of dental erosion. [Q4691]
• X-rays are commonly used to assess bone levels and evaluate periodontal health. [Q4694]
• Glass ionomer cement is commonly used for the permanent cementation of crowns and bridges. [Q4697]

Legal Responsibilities

• Color change tape with weekly spore tests is a thorough verification method for sterilization. [Q0026]
• A dental hygienist cannot employ a dentist; this is outside their scope of practice. [Q3050]
• Registered dental auxiliaries cannot extract teeth unless they are also dental therapists. [Q3121]
• Registered dental therapists can extract deciduous teeth within their scope of practice. [Q3122]
• It is not always necessary to have a third person present unless specific circumstances require it. [Q3130]
• It is not necessary for a dentist to be present at all times for domiciliary treatments. [Q3131]
• Spills involving blood or mercury require specific cleaning protocols to ensure safety and proper decontamination. [Q3149]
• Using an elbow-operated tap reduces the risk of contamination and splash. [Q3245]
• Yes, with additional qualifications, dental hygienists can apply infiltrated analgesia. [Q3560]
• Following the practice’s infection control protocol immediately is essential after a needle stick injury. [Q3565]
• Fire exit signs are typically green. [Q3726]
• The black band on a fire extinguisher indicates it is suitable for electrical fires. [Q3727]
• Gloves require special disposal and should not be disposed of in the domestic bag. [Q3832]
• Stepwise evacuation involves evacuating patients and staff floor by floor to ensure an orderly and safe exit. [Q3917]
• Clinical waste should be disposed of by incineration in a certified facility. [Q3956]
• Newspapers should be disposed of by recycling. [Q3957]
• It is illegal for a dental technician to take an impression in all cases. [Q4196]
• Antibiotics are prescribed to prevent or treat infections. [Q4562]
• Patients should fast for at least 6 hours before general anesthesia to reduce the risk of aspiration. [Q4563]
• Patients with these conditions should generally avoid ibuprofen due to increased risks of complications. [Q4564]
• Records or treatment notes should be kept indefinitely according to legal requirements. [Q4724]
• Yes, registration with the GDC is a legal requirement for dentists practicing in the UK. [Q4733]
• RIDDOR stands for Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations. [Q4739]
• To prevent needlestick injuries, sharp needles should always be resheathed using the provided device. [Q4786]
• Indemnity cover is a requirement for all general practitioners to protect against potential claims from patients. [Q5050]
• The middle three months of pregnancy are generally considered the safest for dental procedures. [Q5208]
• The recommended time for effective hand washing is at least 20 seconds. [Q5279]
• All these measures are required for patients who have had steroid treatments. [Q5413]
• A dental nurse without additional qualifications would be acting illegally if taking impressions. [Q6096]
• Dental workers are typically self-employed or employed by healthcare facilities, not classified workers. [Q6108]

Malpractice and Negligence

• Dental nurses are at a higher risk due to the nature of their tasks. [Q3570]

Professional Conduct

• The dentist is responsible for the safety of irradiation equipment in the dental clinic. [Q3289]
• Clinical dental technicians are dental professionals who design, create, and fit dentures directly to patients. [Q3483]
• CPD is mandatory for dental care professionals to maintain their skills and knowledge. [Q3556]
• According to professional guidelines, dental hygienists should not advertise or canvass for obtaining patients. [Q3564]
• Registration with the GDC is mandatory for dental nurses. [Q3567]
• CPD is necessary to maintain registration for dental nurses. [Q3568]
• Registration with the GDC is a legal requirement for dental nurses. [Q3569]
• Registration with the GDC is required for dental technicians. [Q3574]
• Registration with the GDC is mandatory for dental technicians. [Q3575]
• As per regulations, dentists must complete 250 hours of CPD over 5 years, with 75 hours verified. [Q3588]
• From July 2010, those working with children and vulnerable adults must register with an independent Safeguard Authority. [Q3785]
• CPD (Continuing Professional Development) came into force for dental professionals from July 2008. [Q3788]
• The dentist themselves are responsible when sanctioned by the GDC. [Q3807]
• GDC registration is not needed unless the Dental Practice Manager performs clinical tasks. [Q3808]
• GDC revalidation was introduced in 2015. [Q3809]
• The GDC can suspend a dental professional for up to 12 months if they are deemed not fit to practice. [Q3918]
• Dentists should achieve 100 verified CPD hours. [Q3938]
• There is no fine for not completing CPD hours; the dentist would face other regulatory consequences. [Q4008]
• GDC revalidation is scheduled for 2024. [Q4143]
• All of the above roles are involved in IR(ME)R compliance depending on the scenario. [Q4189]
• Reading dental journals constitutes non-verifiable CPD for a dentist. [Q4445]
• Reading nursing journals constitutes non-verifiable CPD for a nurse. [Q4446]
• Dental Care Professionals (DCPs) are required to complete 150 hours of CPD, with 100 of those being verified hours. [Q4464]
• Orthodontic therapists assist in orthodontic treatments, including various supportive roles. [Q4491]
• Dentists typically hold professional indemnity insurance. [Q4677]
• DCPs are required to complete 150 hours of CPD over five years. [Q4803]
• Dental nurses are required to register with the GDC. [Q4974]
• The dental practice board does not consist of 9 persons. [Q4975]
• The revalidation scheme applies to all practitioners, requiring a portfolio of evidence over five years. [Q5028]
• The health committee typically meets in private to ensure confidentiality and proper handling of sensitive health information. [Q5036]
• The health committee usually meets on an as-needed basis to address ongoing issues promptly. [Q5037]
• The local Dental committee consists of dental professionals who meet to discuss local issues, supporting the profession at a local level. [Q5080]
• Reviewing the medical history systematically using A, B, C (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) is a standard practice. [Q5124]
• The national average rate for diagnosed HIV patients in the UK is approximately 1:3000. [Q5142]
• The new annual limits are indeed 1mSv for the public, 6mSv for non-classified workers, and 20mSv for classified workers. [Q5143]
• The new guidance suggests these limits to ensure safety from radiation exposure. [Q5145]
• The preliminary proceeding committee can only recommend suspension, not directly enforce it. [Q5188]
• The preliminary proceeding committee meets as needed, not on a fixed biannual schedule. [Q5189]
• The professional conduct committee has the authority to both suspend a dentist’s registration for up to 12 months and erase their name from the register. [Q5192]
• The professional conduct committee consists of a president and 10 other members, including 5 elected and 2 lay members. [Q5193]
• The professional conduct committee consists of a president and 10 members, including 5 elected members and 2 lay members with specified qualifications. [Q5194]
• The professional conduct committee meets in private primarily for deliberations to ensure confidentiality. [Q5195]
• The professional conduct committee meets as needed, not on a fixed biannual schedule. [Q5196]
• Verified hours for CPD are 75 out of 150 hours. [Q5252]
• The verified hours of CPD include the stated topics and hours. [Q5253]
• Verifiable CPD for a dentist includes participating in online courses, attending dental conferences, and reading dental journals. [Q5362]
• Verifiable CPD for a nurse includes participating in online courses, attending nursing conferences, and reading nursing journals. [Q5363]
• The committees of the GDC handle complaints, ensure professional conduct, and regulate dental education. [Q5400]
• Fitness to practice involves assessing clinical skills, ensuring ongoing education, and monitoring professional behavior. [Q5401]
• The pillars of Clinical Governance Foundation include professional development, quality improvement, and patient safety and satisfaction. [Q5411]
• A clinical dental technician must have a written agreement with a dentist for patient referrals. [Q5415]
• State-backed and private indemnity covers are recognized by the GDC. [Q5416]
• Failure to pay annual retention fees on time typically results in automatic deregistration. [Q5454]
• Failure to pay ARF can lead to a peer review of clinical practices to ensure compliance and standards. [Q5455]
• Clinical audit involves integrating clinical expertise with the best available evidence. [Q5482]
• Evidence-based dentistry involves conducting research to provide a scientific basis for dental practices. [Q5488]
• The GDC’s main function is to ensure the patient understands the procedure by verifying their understanding. [Q5492]
• The deadline for paying retention fees for the GDC is to regulate healthcare professionals. [Q5590]
• The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) provides national guidance and advice to improve health and social care. [Q5748]
• Dental practice managers are not required to be registered with the GDC. [Q5940]