Cleaning and Shaping

• EDTA is primarily used to decalcify and remove the smear layer from dentine, enhancing canal cleaning. This ensures better adhesion of obturation materials. [Q0023]
• Swabbing and drying the pulp chamber floor with cotton wool followed by excavation is the appropriate method. This helps in thoroughly cleaning and preparing the pulp chamber. [Q0132]
• A small K-Type file is effective for removing pulp tissue from narrow canals. Its design allows it to navigate and clean intricate canal anatomy. [Q0183]
• Ethyl alcohol is not typically used for treating apical infections; chlorhexidine and other agents are more effective. These alternatives provide better antimicrobial properties. [Q0223]
• Water is the best and most neutral method for cleaning and toileting a cavity. It effectively removes debris without introducing additional chemicals. [Q0484]
• While helpful, two successive negative cultures are not always necessary for successful endodontic treatment. Success can still be achieved with proper cleaning and sealing. [Q0743]
• Frequent irrigation helps remove noxious material, preventing periapical infection. This practice ensures that the canal remains clean throughout the procedure. [Q0749]
• EDTA is commonly used to remove the smear layer in root canal treatment. This helps in exposing dentinal tubules for better adhesion of sealers. [Q0820]
• Cavi-Endo is specifically used for endosonic procedures in endodontics. It enhances cleaning efficiency by using ultrasonic vibrations. [Q3423]
• Chlorhexidine, iodine potassium iodide, and electrolytically activated water are effective for irrigating teeth canals. These agents provide antimicrobial action and aid in debris removal. [Q3455]
• The current recommendation is to use endodontic files as single-use only. This practice reduces the risk of cross-contamination and instrument fatigue. [Q3544]
• Refer to a specialist for extraction of a fractured instrument. Attempting removal without expertise can cause further damage. [Q3771]
• Gates-Glidden burs are used for both enlarging the coronal root canal and removing gutta-percha points. Their design facilitates efficient cutting and removal. [Q3806]
• A slightly positive rake angle and increased helical flute angle assist in debris removal with rotary files. These features improve cutting efficiency and reduce clogging. [Q4104]
• A 5% iodine solution is too strong for use as a root canal disinfectant. Lower concentrations or alternative agents are recommended for safety. [Q4187]
• Sodium hypochlorite is the most commonly used irrigant for root canal irrigation. It effectively dissolves organic tissue and provides antimicrobial action. [Q4191]
• Metronidazole can be used in specific cases for irrigation and intracanal dressing. Its antibacterial properties make it suitable for treating resistant infections. [Q4335]
• NiTi (Nickel-Titanium) instruments are preferred over stainless steel instruments because they are more flexible. This flexibility allows them to navigate curved canals without causing damage. [Q4433]
• Phenols are not commonly used for root canal irrigation. Safer and more effective alternatives are available. [Q4597]
• Phosphoric acid at 37% is used for resin fissure sealants, and polyacrylic acid at 20% is used for glass ionomer fissure sealants. These concentrations ensure proper etching and bonding. [Q4598]
• Rotary endodontic handpieces are typically used at speeds between 250-350 rpm. This speed range ensures efficient cutting while minimizing the risk of instrument fracture. [Q4760]
• Rotary files most often break due to torsional stress rather than flexure failure. Proper technique and speed control can reduce this risk. [Q4761]
• A concentration of 0.025 sodium hypochlorite is typically used in endodontic procedures. This low concentration minimizes tissue irritation while providing effective cleaning. [Q4811]
• The concentration of NaOCl for root canal irrigation can vary between 0.5-5.25%. The appropriate concentration depends on the clinical situation and the desired antimicrobial effect. [Q4900]
• Paramonochlorophenol is an antimicrobial agent used in endodontics. It helps in disinfecting the root canal system. [Q5516]
• Chloropercha is a type of gutta-percha used in endodontics. It combines the sealing properties of gutta-percha with the antibacterial effect of chlorine. [Q5568]
• The minimum size of the master file used in endodontic treatment is typically Size 15. This ensures adequate cleaning and shaping of the canal. [Q5654]
• Series 29 files are used for root canal shaping in dentistry. Their design allows for efficient removal of dentin and debris. [Q5732]
• The pattern of size increase for hand files is typically 0.02 mm increments. This standardization ensures consistent and predictable canal enlargement. [Q5733]
• Xylol and chloroform are used in root canal treatment to dissolve organic tissue. These solvents help in removing gutta-percha during retreatment. [Q5817]

Endodontic Diagnosis

• A vertical tooth fracture often mimics a periodontal abscess due to similar clinical signs such as localized swelling and pocketing. Accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate treatment. [Q0019]
• An electrical vitalometer is used to check the tooth’s response to electrical stimuli, indicating pulp vitality. This test helps in diagnosing the health of the pulp. [Q0127]
• Transillumination is used to detect caries by highlighting changes in tooth structure. It helps in identifying early lesions that may not be visible on radiographs. [Q0172]
• Taking an additional periapical radiograph from a different angle helps reveal additional roots that may not be visible in the original radiograph. This ensures comprehensive assessment and treatment planning. [Q0190]
• Capped teeth can have altered responses that make electrical pulp testing less reliable. Other diagnostic methods may be needed to assess pulp health in these cases. [Q0226]
• Biopsy is the most definitive method for differentiating between granulomas, cysts, and chronic periapical abscesses. Histological examination provides accurate diagnosis. [Q0361]
• Tenderness to pressure is a hallmark of acute apical periodontitis, indicating inflammation at the tooth’s apex. This symptom helps in diagnosing the condition. [Q0362]
• History and vitality tests help differentiate periapical abscesses, which typically have non-vital teeth, from periodontal abscesses. Accurate diagnosis guides appropriate treatment. [Q0486]
• Vitality tests help differentiate between apical abscess (non-vital tooth) and periodontal abscess (vital tooth). This distinction is crucial for determining the correct treatment approach. [Q0523]
• A sinus tract typically indicates the presence of a chronic lesion, often associated with a periapical abscess or osteomyelitis. Its presence helps in diagnosing the underlying condition. [Q0652]
• Concomitant perio-periapical lesions can sometimes be discovered prior to endodontic treatment. Early detection allows for comprehensive treatment planning. [Q0746]
• X-rays are essential in all these aspects of endodontic treatment. They provide critical information for diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome assessment. [Q0747]
• All these factors are necessary to establish the correct length of the tooth. Accurate measurement ensures proper cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal. [Q0750]
• Complete debridement of the root canal, analgesic, and antibiotic are required. This approach addresses both the infection and the symptoms. [Q0813]
• Significant reduction in radiolucency can generally be noticed around 3 months after successful root canal treatment. This indicates healing and resolution of the periapical lesion. [Q0846]
• An X-ray and removal of the old filling followed by a temporary restoration allows for assessment and appropriate management of the underlying issue. This approach helps in diagnosing and treating the cause of pain. [Q0882]
• A radiolucent area at the apex of a tooth is a strong indicator of pulp necrosis, as it suggests periapical pathology associated with a necrotic pulp. This finding helps confirm the diagnosis. [Q0934]
• Pain upon releasing pressure is a classic sign of cracked tooth syndrome. Other conditions typically cause pain on application of pressure. [Q3102]
• Clinical symptoms are not always the best indicators for diagnosing chronic apical periodontitis; radiographic examination is essential. Imaging provides a clear view of the periapical status. [Q3485]
• A radiograph is taken immediately after obturation to confirm the quality of the root canal filling. This step ensures that the canal is properly sealed. [Q3946]
• Radiographs should be taken before, during, and after vital pulp procedures to monitor the progress and outcome. This practice ensures that the treatment is proceeding as planned. [Q3947]
• An INR of 2.4 should be maintained specifically for patients under warfarin therapy. This level helps in managing bleeding risks during dental procedures. [Q4168]
• Due to lower pH in inflamed tissues, local anesthetics are less effective. This is because the acidic environment reduces the availability of the anesthetic in its active form. [Q4219]
• Articaine is known for its superior bone penetration compared to other local anesthetics. This property makes it particularly effective in achieving profound anesthesia. [Q4221]
• Follow-up is essential after a root canal treatment to ensure the success and health of the treated tooth. Regular check-ups help in identifying and managing any post-treatment complications. [Q4438]
• The primary purpose of taking a dental impression is to record the shape and size of the oral tissues. Accurate impressions are crucial for fabricating well-fitting dental restorations. [Q4695]
• A normal electric pulp tester reading is between 20 and 80. Other options are outside the typical range, indicating abnormal pulp conditions. [Q5469]
• Testing the vitality of approximal teeth helps in diagnosing the condition of the non-vital tooth. This approach provides a comparative basis for assessing pulp health. [Q5822]

Obturation Techniques

• Zinc oxide and eugenol cement is commonly used for obturation in primary teeth. This material provides an effective seal and is biocompatible. [Q0060]
• Root canal treatment should ideally be 0.5 to 1.5 mm before the apex to ensure complete cleaning and sealing without overextension. This placement prevents damage to periapical tissues. [Q0191]
• Ledermix contains corticosteroids, which help reduce inflammation and relieve pain in root canal treatment. This makes it an effective intracanal medicament. [Q0197]
• Lateral condensation is the technique where gutta-percha cones are placed against the canal walls to allow space for additional gutta-percha. This method ensures a dense and homogenous fill. [Q0199]
• If the apex can be sealed properly, the prognosis is good for a tooth with apical resorption. Proper sealing prevents further resorption and promotes healing. [Q0268]
• Tugback refers to the fit of the gutta percha cone in the apical 1 or 2 mm, indicating proper fit and seal. This ensures that the obturation material remains in place. [Q0269]
• Extending the filling to the dento-cemental junction allows for optimal healing. This technique helps in achieving a complete seal of the root canal system. [Q0270]
• Lateral condensation is a common method for filling the root canal of a maxillary lateral incisor. This technique provides a well-compacted fill and minimizes voids. [Q0311]
• Quick setting is not a necessary characteristic of canal filling materials. The focus should be on the sealing ability and biocompatibility of the material. [Q0335]
• Wrought base metal crowns are commonly used for endodontically treated deciduous molars. These crowns provide durability and protection for the treated tooth. [Q0378]
• The ideal root filling in root canal therapy should end at the dentino-cemental junction to ensure a proper seal without overextension. This placement helps in preventing post-treatment complications. [Q0521]
• Gutta percha is too weak for use in very narrow canals, which can compromise the seal and integrity of root canal fillings. Alternative materials or techniques may be required for such cases. [Q0829]
• The usual root canal procedures will address the cause of the fistula, making additional treatments unnecessary. Proper cleaning and sealing of the canal are sufficient. [Q0848]
• If asymptomatic, a Gutta Percha cone extending 1mm beyond the apex can be left as is until any complications occur. Regular monitoring is recommended to ensure no adverse effects develop. [Q0894]
• If asymptomatic, cement extending 1mm beyond the apex can be left as is until complications occur. Close follow-up is essential to monitor for potential issues. [Q0895]
• Corticosteroids are used for their anti-inflammatory action in pulpal obturation materials. This helps in reducing post-treatment pain and inflammation. [Q0896]
• To ensure proper adaptation and seal, the silver point should be replaced with gutta-percha before post placement. This change enhances the longevity and effectiveness of the restoration. [Q0984]
• A root canal post adds both strength to the tooth and retention to the crown. This combination improves the overall stability and function of the restoration. [Q3124]
• The final root filling is typically done with gutta-percha as normal after the apex barrier is established. This standard approach ensures a reliable seal and supports healing. [Q3187]
• Gutta-percha melts at approximately 90°C. This property is utilized in various obturation techniques. [Q3313]
• Gutta-percha softens at approximately 60°C. This temperature allows for easier manipulation during the obturation process. [Q3314]
• Gutta-percha dissolves at approximately 70°C. This characteristic is important for removing or adjusting the material during retreatment. [Q3315]
• GI cement can significantly reduce coronal leakage in root canal sealing. This property helps in maintaining the integrity of the seal over time. [Q3817]
• Gutta-percha in the thermo-heated technique always requires a sealer to ensure complete sealing of the root canal system. The sealer fills any gaps and enhances the seal. [Q3855]
• The ideal fill level for a canal is 0.5 mm short of the apex to ensure a proper seal and avoid overfilling. This precision prevents damage to surrounding tissues. [Q3913]
• MTA is commonly used as an apical barrier in root canal treatment for immature teeth. Its biocompatibility and sealing ability make it the material of choice. [Q4344]
• Sealapex is a ZOE root canal sealer available in two-paste form. It is used to provide an effective seal in the root canal. [Q4409]
• Parallel-threaded posts are generally not suitable for short root canals. Their use in such cases can lead to complications and reduced retention. [Q4519]
• Preference for parallel-threaded posts depends on the clinical situation and other factors. Their easy and quick fitting can be advantageous in certain cases. [Q4520]
• Fiberglass posts are commonly used and can be red in color. These posts offer good aesthetics and mechanical properties. [Q4602]
• A crown is typically recommended for a molar with a root canal and a MOD amalgam restoration. This provides protection and restores function to the tooth. [Q4719]
• Resin sealers are still widely used; cost was not the primary factor for suspension. Their sealing ability and ease of use make them popular choices. [Q4743]
• Root canal filler typically stops at 1mm from the root apex to avoid extrusion. This ensures a proper seal within the canal. [Q4756]
• A sealer is necessary when using gutta-percha in root canal filling to ensure a hermetic seal. The sealer fills any microscopic spaces that the gutta-percha alone cannot. [Q4757]
• The length of the post is crucial for the success of a post because it affects retention and stability. A longer post provides better support for the restoration. [Q5508]
• Resin cements are known for their strong bond to tooth structure. This property enhances the retention and durability of restorations. [Q5537]
• MTA is preferred for filling avulsed teeth undergoing root canal treatment. Its properties support healing and provide a strong seal. [Q5728]
• Gutta-percha is typically heated to 100°C for root canal filling. This temperature allows for proper flow and adaptation within the canal. [Q5729]
• The taper size of Gutta-percha points is typically 0.02 taper. This standardization ensures a consistent fit within the canal. [Q5740]
• Epoxy resin root canal filling materials often come in two paste systems. These materials provide a strong and durable seal. [Q6039]
• Thermoplasticized injection uses a handpiece to deliver heated gutta-percha. This technique allows for precise placement and adaptation of the material. [Q6040]